OPEN DATA PROJECT

Energy Performance Diagnostic

  1. How much do you save on your electricity bills by switching from one DPE class to another (e.g. from G to F, or from F to E, the value sought depending on the classes concerned)?

  2. Is there excessive energy consumption in France?

  3. What is the impact of the characteristics of the building or equipment (heating method, insulation, year of construction, etc.) on electricity consumption?

What dependencies or relationships exist between the variables under study?

There is a positive significant correlation between consumption in KWhep/m² and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in KgCO2/m².

** Let’s validate this hypothesis with a linear regression. **

This box-plot shows how annual energy consumption per square meter (expressed in kWh/m²/year) varies according to the construction period of a building.

Consumption trends: There seems to be a downward trend in energy consumption over time. Buildings constructed after 2000 generally have a lower average consumption than those constructed before that date.

Data dispersion: The dispersion of consumption is quite large, which means that there are big differences in consumption between buildings built over the same period. This can be explained by differences in size, orientation, insulation, heating systems, etc.

Particular construction periods: Some construction periods are characterized by higher or lower average consumption. For example, buildings constructed before 1948 often have higher consumption levels, which can be explained by the absence of energy-efficient construction standards at the time.

Click on Play to see how it varies.

The lower the DPE class (G, F, E), the higher the energy consumption. A clear trend can be observed: G-rated buildings consume much more energy on average than A-rated buildings.

Data dispersion Even within the same class, there is considerable variability in energy consumption. This means that two buildings with the same DPE class can have very different consumption levels. This variability can be explained by many factors, such as building size, orientation, insulation and occupant behavior.

Outliers The isolated dots at the top and bottom of the boxes represent buildings that consume much more or much less energy than the average for their class. These buildings can be considered exceptions.

What are the possible causes of this variation? There are, for example, building-related causes such as insulation, heating system, ventilation, number of inhabitants or even climate.

After analyzing this graph, we can clearly see that G-class homes are more numerous than others. These are the biggest emitters of greenhouse gases.

Consumption and Cost

As you can see from this histogram, class G (the lowest) costs more than classes such as A or B. So it’s important to check the class of the home you’re about to rent, as it can represent huge energy costs if it has a low class like F or G.

Is energy consumption in a building really linked to the number of inhabitants? If you take a look at this graph, you’ll notice that energy consumption varies too greatly according to the number of dwellings. So we have to look elsewhere.

Let’s take a look at the relationship by housing type.

Here we can see that consumption varies according to the type of dwelling. To go a step further, we can try to see which type of energy is used most in these homes.

This graph shows the types of energy used by the French on a daily basis. These include electricity, natural gas and heating.

Let’s take a look at the estimated energy needs and consumption of the French.

Need vs. Consumption

The French overconsume, especially for T1, T2 and T4 apartments.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study shows that improving DPE classes significantly reduces energy consumption and GHG emissions, while offering significant financial savings. It underlines the urgency of prioritizing energy renovations for a sustainable and equitable future.